Eusebius of Laodicea

An Alexandrian deacon who had some fame as a confessor and became bishop of Laodicea in Syria, date of birth uncertain: d. about 268. His story is told by Eusebius of Cæsarea (Hist. Eccl., VII, xi and xxxii). As a deacon at Alexandria he had accompanied his bishop, Dionysius (with a priest, two other deacons and two Romans who were then in Egypt) before the tribunal of Æmilian, Prefect of Egypt, at the time of Emperor Valerianus (253-260). Dionysius tells the story of their trials in a letter to a certain bishop Germanus (Eus., Hist. Eccl., VII xi). They were all sentenced to banishment, but Eusebius managed to remain in the city in hiding, zealously served the confessors in prison and buried the bodies of the dead and the blessed martyrs, not without danger to his own life (ibid.) In 260 there broke out a rebellion at Alexandria and at the same time a plague ravaged the city. Eusebius again risked his life continually by nursing the sick and the wounded (ibid, VII, xxxii). The Romans besieged a part of the town (Bruchium, Pyroucheion, Prouchion). Anatolius, Eusebius' friend, was among the besieged, Eusebius himself outside. Eusebius went to the Roman general and asked him to allow any who would to leave Bruchium. His petition was granted and Anatolius, with whom he managed to communicate, explained the matter to the leaders of the rebellion and implored them to capitulate. They refused but eventually allowed the women children and old men to profit by the Romans' mercy. A great crowd then came to surrender at the Roman camp. Eusebius there nursed all who were exhausted by the long siege with every care and attention as a father and physician. (ibid., xxxii). In 264 Dionysius (who seems to have come back from banishment) sent Eusebius as his delegate to Syria to represent hinm at the discussions that were taking place concerning the affair of Paul of Samosata. Anatolius accompanied his friend. The Syrians were so impressed by these two Egyptians that they kept them both and made Eusebius Bishop of Laodices as successor to Socrates. Not long afterwards he died and was succeeded by Anatolius. The date of his death is uncertain. Harnack thinks it was before the great Synod of Antioich in 268 (Chron. Der altchrist, Litt., I, 43). Another theory is that the seige of Alexandria was in 269, that the friends went to Syria at the end of that year, and that Eusebius's death was not until 279 (so W. Reading in the Variorum notes to his edition of Eusebius Pammph., Cambridge 1720, I 367), Gams puts his death in 270 (Kirschenlexikon, s.v. Eusebius con Laodicea). Eucebius's name does not occur in the acts of the synod in 268.

EUSEBIUS, Hist. Eccl., VII, xi and xxxii; BARONIUS, Annales eccl., ad av. 263, 8-11; HARNACK, Chron. Der altchristl, Litt., I, 34, 37, 41, etc.; DUCHESNES, Hist. Ancienne de l'eglise (Paris, 1906), I, 488-489.

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